Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malicious software (malware) designed to deny access to a computer system or data until a ransom is paid. It typically encrypts files on the victim's system or locks the user out entirely, demanding payment (usually in cryptocurrency) to restore access. Ransomware can spread through various means, including malicious email attachments, infected websites, or exploiting vulnerabilities in software.

There are different types of ransomware:

1. Encrypting Ransomware: This type of ransomware encrypts files on the victim's system, making them inaccessible without the decryption key, which is held by the attackers. Examples include WannaCry and CryptoLocker.

2. Locker Ransomware: Locker ransomware locks the victim out of their system entirely, preventing access to the operating system or files. This type may display a message claiming to be from law enforcement or government agencies, accusing the victim of illegal activities and demanding payment to unlock the system.

3. Mobile Ransomware: Targets mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, and can lock the device or encrypt its data, often demanding payment to restore access.

4. Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS): Some criminal organizations offer ransomware as a service, where they provide the ransomware code to affiliates who then distribute it. The profits are split between the developers and the affiliates.

Ransomware attacks can have severe consequences, including financial losses, data breaches, and disruption of business operations. It's crucial to have robust cybersecurity measures in place, including regular data backups, software updates, and employee training to recognize and avoid phishing attempts, which are a common vector for ransomware infections.