PowerShell

PowerShell is a powerful, task automation, and configuration management framework developed by Microsoft. It consists of a command-line shell and scripting language designed for system administrators and power users to automate and manage system tasks and configurations. Below is an overview of PowerShell and its core features:

Key Features:

1. Command-Line Shell: PowerShell provides a command-line interface (CLI) for running commands interactively to manage and automate administrative tasks.
2. Scripting Language: PowerShell scripts can automate repetitive tasks, interact with the Windows operating system, and work with other software and services.
3. Cmdlets: PowerShell includes small, reusable commands called cmdlets (pronounced "command-lets") that perform a specific task, like getting system information or managing files and services. Examples include Get-Process, Get-Service, Set-Item, etc.
4. Pipelines: PowerShell supports piping, which allows you to pass the output of one command as input to another command. This enables powerful command chaining and efficient workflows.
5. Object-Oriented: Unlike other shells, which work with text-based output, PowerShell works with .NET objects, making it easier to manipulate and interact with data.
6. Remote Management: PowerShell allows remote execution of scripts and commands on remote computers, making it useful for managing multiple machines in enterprise environments.
7. Cross-Platform: With PowerShell Core (PowerShell 7+), it has become cross-platform, meaning it can run on Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Example Usage:

1. Get-Process: Lists all running processes on the local machine.

   Get-Process

2. Set-Item: Changes the value of a file or registry entry.

   Set-Item -Path "C:\Path\To\File.txt" -Value "New content"
   

3. Pipelines: You can pipe the output of one cmdlet to another.

   Get-Service | Where-Object { $_.Status -eq 'Running' }
   

   This command lists only the services that are running.

4. Script Execution: PowerShell can execute scripts with the .ps1 extension, which can contain multiple cmdlets and logic for automation tasks. Example of a simple script:

   $name = "World"
   Write-Host "Hello, $name!"
   

5. Remote Execution: Run a command on a remote computer.

   Invoke-Command -ComputerName RemotePC -ScriptBlock { Get-Process }
   

PowerShell Versions:

• Windows PowerShell: The original version, based on .NET Framework, available up to version 5.1.
• PowerShell Core: Cross-platform, open-source version of PowerShell based on .NET Core, introduced with version 6.x and continued in version 7.x.